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U.S. Commissioner tasked with weighing the pros and cons of routine diabetes screening for children and adolescents, even though the proportion of adolescents with type 2 diabetes in the U.S. has doubled since 2001 The Board found that the evidence for the examination was lacking.
This rise accompanies an increase in obesity. Obesity is the main risk factor for diabetes, the most common associated with poor diet and physical inactivity.
Concerned that the increase will lead to more complications later in life, the United States Preventive Services Task Force has reviewed the benefits and potential harms of screening asymptomatic children and adolescents for type 2 diabetes and prediabetes. To evaluate, we ordered a systematic review of the literature.
A nongovernmental advisory panel that makes evidence-based screening recommendations has found that although there is sufficient evidence to support screening adults for type 2 diabetes, it is not sufficient to make similar recommendations for asymptomatic adolescents. No, the group said Tuesday in the JAMA medical journal.
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Research increasingly shows that type 2 diabetes diagnosed at a young age is associated with serious health complications and increased premature mortality. Elvira Isganaitis and Lori Laffel, pediatric endocrinologists at Harvard Medical School, write in an editorial in the journal:
“Prevention and early detection of type 2 diabetes in children is an important public health priority,” they wrote.
According to a 2020 report published by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the incidence of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents increased from 9 per 100,000 in 2002-2003 to 9 per 100,000 in 2014-15. increased to 13.8 people. Native American, black, and Hispanic youth were the hardest hit.
Type 2 diabetes in adolescents may increase the risk of high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Left untreated, it can lead to heart attack, stroke, kidney disease, circulatory problems, and blindness.
But screening asymptomatic adolescents, at least for now, may not be the answer, says pediatric endocrinologist at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and co-author of JAMA’s second editorial accompanying the report. Amy Shah, Ph.D.
Despite the increase, type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents remains rare, she told Reuters by email.
“There are 25 million adults and about 30,000 children with type 2 diabetes. Many young people in the overweight or obese category do not develop diabetes, so the benefits of testing all young people are clear.” not,” she wrote.
Physicians need to better understand which young people are most at risk for type 2 diabetes, and that data will allow more precise screening guidelines, Shah said.
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“We also need to make sure that the standards we use (from adults) are also appropriate for children,” she wrote.
The U.S. National Institutes of Health is conducting research to help narrow down the young people who might benefit from such screening, Shah and colleagues write in an editorial.
Physicians should stick to the American Diabetes Association’s current guidelines until more details emerge, Shah argues.Or if the child’s mother had gestational diabetes.
Screening is necessary for those children who are at high risk for type 2 diabetes, Shah said.
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